awing of blonde girl wearing goggles cartoon. Frank Miller Martha Washington Give Me Liberty homage. Metaphors The Lenses We Use to Interpret and Understand Our World. Nick Barter. Stuart McMillen.
Drawing of blonde girl wearing goggles. Dark alleyway cartoon. Metaphors are the lenses we use to interpret and understand our reality. A heart of gold. Being kept in the dark. Turning the corner.
Cartoon brain electrodes cross-section. Drawing of brain with alligator clips attached. Girl wearing goggles.Metaphors allow us to grasp unfamiliar concepts… …by imagining them in terms of concepts already understood. Each metaphor is a mental shortcut.
Drawing of brain with electrodes. Cartoon brain cross-section. But the shortcuts pose hidden dangers. Metaphors obscure or distort our understanding, because the new is not the old.A pitfall which can cause us to think and act in bizarre ways.
But the shortcuts pose hidden dangers. Metaphors obscure or distort our understanding, because the new is not the old.A pitfall which can cause us to think and act in bizarre ways. Like eyeglass lenses we wear, the metaphor lenses of our minds are not with us from birth. We take our metaphors from the society and culture around us and, without realising we are looking through them we use them to interpret and act in our world.
Boy and girl cartoon goggles. X-ray glasses robot and cell. To what extent do metaphors shape the way we conceive our world? To what extent do metaphors mask our surroundings, and alter our perception of the world? How much of our understanding is constructed purely from imagination through metaphors?
Birds eye view city drawing. Cartoon high-angle city street buildings. Our society is heavily influenced by organisations. Corporations. Government institutions. Religions. Yet much of their influence comes purely from the metaphors we use to conceive them.
Low angle towering factory dwarfing cartoon figure. Smokestacks drawing robot machine. A common metaphor for imagining organisations is as self-contained entities: ‘machines’ which exist in their own right. The ‘machine’ metaphor helps us imagine and grasp the abstract concept of an organisation. But what implications does the metaphor conjure in our minds?
Organisation machine drawing. Employees as cogs in the machine. Black and white comic art. If organisations are ‘machines’, are the people inside an organisation merely ‘parts’? Should the human dimensions, human needs beyond the parts’ requirements be ignored? Hammered out? Is the machine an entity in its own right?
Organization machine cartoon. Workers as cogs and gears in the machine. Black and white drawing assembly line. Should defective parts of the machine be replaced? How does this happen? What happens to defective parts? Does anyone truly work ‘in’ an organisation, or do they all work ‘for’ the master machine? Should the machine continue operating no matter what?
Isometric drawing office workers desks. Employees as cogs in the machine cartoon. This ‘machine’ metaphor is a dehumanising way of viewing organisations. It is a dehumanising way of viewing ourselves. By looking through this lens, everyone that constitutes an organisation is de-prioritised to slave-like ‘parts’...
Cross-section factory drawing. Workers as cogs in a machine high angle view. ...wired into a master machine that supersedes all workers. An imaginary entity that controls... ...yet exists only in the minds of the metaphor’s users. An alternative to the ‘machine’ perspective describes organisations as living organisms. This metaphor raises questions of its own:
Organisation as living organism cartoon. Workers as parts of cell drawing. Should we think of organisations as being ‘alive’? How was the organism born? What created it? What does the organisation think about? Does it have goals? Does the organism speak for itself? How?
Organization as living organism cell drawing. Employees as parts of cell cartoon. What roles do employees play within this ‘living’ organism? Would it live without us? Should we care about organisations in the same way we care for living things? Is it a ‘being’?
Save the organisations protester. Biology cell cross section magnifying glass cartoon. On the surface, biological imagery seems warmer and more suitable than that of machinery… …but the metaphor still paints human employees as subservient to a master entity. Also, by borrowing words associated with organisms… …organisations are unwittingly raised to the status of living creatures worthy of concern.
Biology cell cross section drawing. Magnifying glass workers cartoon. Though we may ‘know’ that organisations are not living creatures...loosely using expressions about a company’s ‘survival’ and ‘death’ takes our minds into the zone of the organism metaphor. With our minds we visualise a single shell wrapping around...what is really a group of people.
Girl as cog in a machine drawing. Cartoon factory face. The way we conceive organisations reflects the way we conceive ourselves. By unwittingly using these metaphors to describe our reality...we pave the road for our actions.
Girl as cog in a machine drawing. Morphed into engine part. A pattern emerges where we act in ways consistent with our distorted view of reality...and then look at our self-created world as ‘evidence’ that our perceptions must be true.
Unhappy workers seeing themselves as cogs in a machine drawing. Cartoon work zombies. City square. Both of these metaphor lenses skew the ways in which we think and act. As workers, as voters, and as humans.
Cartoon crowd of protesters. Creatures in city background. Cartoon crowd of protesters. Creatures in city background.
Girl and boy in busy crowd cartoon. Taking off goggles drawing. Finger pointing at dictionary definition. A solution which involves removing the distorting lenses we use to conceive organisations… …and replacing them with helpful metaphors which do not marginalise or de-prioritise us. A solution which involves returning to the root definition of the word ‘organisation’. Organon.
Boy and girl reading book low angle. Dramatic angle book reading. Low angle goggles on ground. What if we we built upon the root meaning behind the word and viewed organisations as tools to help humanity. A platform which acknowledges that organisations do not, can not exist without the people that constitute them. By seeing organisations as tools we use to help each other...a cascade of possibilities is revealed to our eyes.
From a view which imagines organisations as entities in themselves...to an understanding that organisations are the product of the people that constitute them. From a world populated with organisations chartered to serve their own purposes...to a world of people using organisations as tools to serve the goals of humanity.
From a mindset concerned with the perpetual operation of organisations...to a world where organisations are established for specific ends and those ends are only pursued for as long as they are helpful and necessary to all humans. From metaphors which point us toward dehumanisation, suppression and an unravelling of moral concern...to metaphors which can help us pursue the full potential of humans.
With a change to the lens through which we view the world...the things we thought were there vanish like desert mirages. And the things that remain, the people that remain, become the things that matter.


Metaphors comic PDF download button Stuart McMillen Nick Barter

This comic was a collaboration between Dr Nick Barter (Griffith Business School) and Stuart McMillen (stuartmcmillen.com). Metaphors is based on Nick’s 2011 conference paper Metaphors that facilitate Organisational Understanding (mirrored copy).

A full support note is included in the PDF version of the comic, available for US $0.50.

  1. Pingback: the road is long, but in the end… | Keep the game, change the rules

  2. Jesper Kristensen says:

    When I read Gareth Morgan’s “Images of Organzation” what I took from it is that different lenses produce different questions and answers and that the real danger was being unaware that one was perhaps using only one metaphor to describe the world. Looking at an organization as a tool helps you push particular points, but that doesn’t mean other metaphors are necessarily inappropriate or even more untrue than the one you seem to push. Using only a metaphor that is about “real people” or “organisms” may for instance ascribe intentionality to some things that are in fact impersonal, and thus it can be appropriate to use a “dehumanizing” metaphor because it is in fact not an intentional being producing the effects we observe.

  3. Samantha says:

    Nice one Stuart – well articulated and drawn… although I would argue that it’s probably impossible to remove all the ‘lenses’ through which we see the world… however we see the world, it is going to be of necessity a simplification of reality. I do agree though at the very least it’s good to be aware of the fact that we do in fact view the world through multiple lenses and to to try to incorporate this understanding into, and with a view to de-warping, our worldview…

  4. Kristen says:

    you might like this:
    http://www.tinyurl.com/trsl-e

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>